这项研究评估了花青素（anthocyanins，ACNs）对葡萄糖代谢标志物的影响。
花青素显着降低了空腹血糖（fasting blood sugar，FBS）、餐后2小时血糖水平（2-h postprandial glucose，2-hPPG）、糖化血红蛋白水平（glycated hemoglobin，HbA1c）、胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估（homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance，HOMA-IR）、抵抗素和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1（plasminogen activator inhibitor-1，PAI-1）的水平。
干预持续时间长于8 周且花青素剂量大于300 mg/day更有效。
与其他个体相比，膳食花青素对糖尿病患者更有效。
花青素作为天然食用色素，是具有多种健康优势的生物活性物质。在这项研究中，伊朗Shahrekord大学兽医学院食品卫生与质量控制系的Aziz A. Fallah、Elham Sarmast和伊朗Shahrekord医科大学医学院生物化学与营养学系的Tina Jafari通过荟萃分析评估了膳食花青素对血糖控制和葡萄糖代谢生物标志物的影响。
结果显示，服用花青素后患者的空腹血糖水平（-2.70 mg/dL，95％CI：-4.70~-1.31; P<0.001）、餐后2小时血糖水平（-11.1 mg/dL，95％CI：-18.7~-3.48；P= 0.004）、糖化血红蛋白水平（-11.1 mg/dL，95％CI：-18.7至-3.48；P= 0.004）、胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估（-0.54，95％CI：-0.94~-0.14；P= 0.008）、抵抗素（-1.23 μg/L，95％CI：-2.40~-0.05；P= 0.041）和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1（-5.09 μg/L，95％CI：-9.45~-0.73；P = 0.022）水平均显着降低，而空腹胰岛素水平（0.33 mU/L，95％CI： -0.18~0.85；P= 0.207）和C肽水平（-0.02 μg/L，95％CI：-0.20~0.16；P=0.816）的变化无统计学意义。花青素摄入超过8 周，剂量大于300 mg/day，可显着降空腹血糖、餐后2 小时血糖水平、糖化血红蛋白水平和胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估水平。此外，花青素可以降低2型糖尿病患者的空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖水平、糖化血红蛋白水平和胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估水平，以及超重人群胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估水平。总的来说，膳食花青素可以用作辅助疗法以改善血糖控制和葡萄糖代谢生物标志物，特别是在糖尿病患者中。
Abstract
Effect of dietary anthocyanins onbiomarkers of glycemic control and glucose metabolism: A systematic review andmeta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Aziz A.Fallaha1, Elham Sarmasta1, Tina Jafarib
aDepartmentof Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, ShahrekordUniversity, Shahrekord 34141, Iran
bDepartmentof Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University ofMedical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
Anthocyanins, as natural food colorants, are bioactive substances withseveral health advantages. In this research, the effects of dietaryanthocyanins on biomarkers of glycemic control and glucose metabolism wasevaluated through a meta-analysis. The results revealed a significant reductionin levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS; -2.70 mg/dl, 95% CI: -4.70 to -1.31; P< 0.001), 2-hpostprandial glucose (2-h PPG; -11.1 mg/dl, 95% CI: -18.7 to -3.48; P= 0.004), glycatedhemoglobin (HbA1c; -11.1 mg/dl, 95% CI: -18.7 to -3.48; P= 0.004), homeostasis modelassessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; -0.54, 95% CI: -0.94 to -0.14; P= 0.008), resistin (-1.23 μg/l, 95% CI: -2.40 to -0.05; P= 0.041), and plasminogenactivator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1; -5.09 μg/l, 95% CI: -9.45 to -0.73; P= 0.022) followingadministration of anthocyanins, whilst changes in the levels of fasting insulin(0.33 mU/l, 95% CI: -0.18 to 0.85; P = 0.207) and C-peptide (-0.02 μg/l, 95 %CI: -0.20 to 0.16; P= 0.816) was notstatistically significant. Consumption of anthocyanins for > 8 weeks and atdoses > 300 mg/day significantly reduced levels of FBS, 2-h PPG, HbA1c, andHOMA-IR. Moreover, anthocyanins administration reduced the levels of FBS, 2-hPPG, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR in type 2 diabetic subjects and HOMA-IR inoverweight/obese individuals. Overall, dietary anthocyanins can be used as anadjuvant therapy to improve biomarkers of glycemic control and glucosemetabolism specially in diabetic subjects.
