*设计了骆驼线粒体COI基因的物种特异性PCR引物；
*采用侧流免疫分析法（lateral flow immunoassay，LFI）对PCR产物进行可视化；
*基于LFI的检测缩短了分析时间，提高了灵敏度；
*PCR-LFI技术非常适用于热处理的骆驼肉产品；
*新型PCR-LFI检测发现20种加工骆驼肉产品中有2种存在欺诈行为。
随着对市场上对骆驼肉需求的增加，骆驼肉相关食品容易受到食品欺诈的影响。为了有效地鉴别（含有）骆驼肉的食品，建立了一种基于聚合酶链反应（polymerase chain reaction，PCR）的检测技术——侧流免疫分析（lateral flow immunoassay，LFI）。
天津师范大学动植物抗性重点实验室，天津海关的Liangjuan Zhao、加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学土地与食品系统学院食品、营养与健康系的Yaxi Hu等人设计骆驼特异性PCR引物，以线粒体COI基因为靶点。生物信息学和体外试验均证实PCR-LFI具有特异性。牛肉中骆驼肉的检出限为0.1%（w/w），无论是生的还是熟的（即煮沸和油炸）。
利用该方法对20种从中国当地商店和网上购买的加工骆驼肉产品进行了鉴定。网上购买的两种产品被鉴定为不含骆驼肉。总之，这种新型的PCR-LFI方法非常适合政府实验室快速鉴定含骆驼肉的食品。
Identification of camel species in food products by a polymerase chain reaction-lateral flow immunoassay
Liangjuan Zhaoac1，Yaxi Hub1，Wei Liuc1，Hong Wua，Jing Xiaod，Can Zhange，Hongwei Zhangc，Xia Zhangc，Jinyu Liua，Xiaonan Lub，Wenjie Zhenga
aTianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
bFood, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada
cTianjin Customs District, Tianjin 300387, China
dChina National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China
eCenter for Disease Prevention and Control of Chinese PLA
Abstract
With an increased demand for camel meat, camel meat-related food products are susceptible to food fraud. To effectively authenticate camel-containing foods, a novel analytical technique based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-lateral flow immunoassay (LFI) was developed. The camel-specific PCR primers were designed to target at the mitochondrial COI gene. Both of the in silico and in vitro tests confirmed that the PCR-LFI was specific. A limit of detection of 0.1% w/w of camel meat in beef was achieved for both the raw and cooked (i.e. boiling and deep frying) meat samples. This novel method was used to authenticate 20 processed camel-meat products purchased from local grocery stores in China and online. Two products purchased online were identified as containing no camel meat. Overall, this novel PCR-LFI method is ideal for governmental laboratories to rapidly authenticate camel-meat containing food products.
